Costa Rica’s Independence Day, celebrated on September 15th, is a month-long festival that honors the nation’s independence from Spanish rule, a journey shared with other Central American countries. This year, as Costa Rica marks its 202nd Independence Day, we delve into the vibrant celebrations, historical significance, and the unique traditions that make this event a joyous occasion for families and communities.
The ‘Freedom Torch’ being run across the country on September 14th from the northern border to the south, stopping at towns along the way and passing along the torch by sharing the flame.
Month of the Nation
The “Mes de la Patria,” or “Month of the Nation,” is a cherished time in Costa Rica when businesses, homes, and even cars are adorned with the national flag, banners, and decorations. It’s a month of historical celebrations that reflect the deep-seated pride Costa Ricans have for their country.
Family-Centered Celebration
Independence Day is a family affair in Costa Rica. Children play pivotal roles in the festivities, spending weeks preparing for the celebrations. They craft lanterns, decorate homes in the country’s colors, and practice performances for patriotic parades. The month fosters connection, reflection, and an appreciation for life’s simple pleasures.
A Historical Journey to Independence
Costa Rica’s path to independence is rooted in the nation’s rich history. Before Spanish conquistadors arrived, the region was inhabited by indigenous populations. Christopher Columbus first landed in Costa Rica in 1502, and the Spanish established colonies over time.
In 1821, Costa Rica, along with other Central American provinces, gained independence from Spain following the collapse of the Mexican Empire. Unlike some of its neighbors, Costa Rica experienced a relatively peaceful transition to sovereignty. There was no armed struggle for independence in Central America, as Spain reluctantly supported the region’s independence due to its strained resources after conflicts like the Napoleonic Wars.
The Role of Maria Dolores Bedoya
On September 15, 1821, while representatives debated independence in Guatemala City, Maria Dolores Bedoya, a Guatemalan woman, rallied a crowd of advocates outside the palace. Their celebration, complete with music and fireworks, played a pivotal role in the decision to sign for independence. Representatives from Costa Rica, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua signed the Act of Independence, freeing these nations from Spanish rule.
Traditions Surrounding Costa Rican Independence Day
- The Freedom Torch: A symbolic torch representing the spread of independence news travels through Central America. It is relayed from Guatemala City to Cartago, Costa Rica, and used to light the cauldron on September 14th. Selected students relay it across Costa Rica’s towns.
- Lantern Parade: Known as the “desfile de faroles,” families take to the streets with lanterns made by children. These lanterns, depicting houses, churches, wildlife, and oxcarts, are illuminated with candles or LEDs and carried high as part of a festive parade.
- Cultural Evolution: The tradition of the lantern parade, started by Professor Víctor Manuel Ureña in 1953, has evolved into a cherished cultural event that celebrates national pride and unity.
Costa Rican Independence Day
On September 15th, Costa Rica bursts into celebration. Patriotic parades feature traditional costumes and folk dances like Punto Guanacasteco. Music, school bands, and patriotic hymns fill the streets, as students showcase their patriotism.
The flag plays a central role, symbolizing generosity, peace, and idealism. Red represents the nation’s generosity and the bloodshed to defend it, white signifies peace, and blue represents the sky and the country’s ideals.
Costa Rican traditional clothing for men includes white cotton pants, a white button-up shirt, a red sash belt, a red neckerchief, and a straw hat. Women wear vivid, multi-layered skirts, a white, ruffled sleeveless blouse, a choker band necklace, and intricate braids or a bun adorned with a large flower.
Costa Rica’s Independence Day is a testament to the nation’s rich history, vibrant culture, and enduring unity. As the country celebrated its 202nd year of independence, the festivities continue to bring families and communities together in the spirit of pride, joy, and appreciation for their beloved nation.
Ready to celebrate with us next year for the 203rd anniversary? Start by signing up to our newsletter below to receive a weekly market report featuring new listings, what sold in the area, as well as video property tours and articles about the lifestyle here in South Pacific Costa Rica.
